2016 Republican Presidential Power Rankings

(Rankings Updated 1/25/2016) These rankings are not based exclusively - or even heavily - on polling data, but instead on a combination of factors including debate performances, favorability ratings, evidence of momentum, and general campaign activity. Who will move up, down, or out of this these rankings moving forward? OFF: Paul, Huckabee, Pataki, Santorum, Carly Fiorina 7. Ben Carson (Previous: 5) - Carson is just in a free-fall right now and he appears to be putting all of his eggs in Iowa. Though he had strong poll numbers, his support levels were always soft in regards to those who were definitely voting for him. They seem to have gravitated towards Cruz for the time being. Carson is still popular enough to do some damage in Iowa, but his dreams of being a legitimate contender seem over. 6. Jeb Bush (Previous: 6) - Just about everybody has written off the 100-Million-Dollar-Man, and he has outspent opponents big time with nothing to show for it. Has Jeb had a single good moment in 6 months?   His message gets lost in constant word stumbles and poor phrasing. On a stage of smooth-talkers, his ineloquence is becoming a liability. This was supposed to be the shock-and-awe campaign that scared everyone away. The opposite happened. What the polling data shows is that Jeb better find a way to start getting Republicans to really like him. Much of Trumps appeal seems to be that everyone is afraid Jeb will get the nomination. But thats starting to seem far less likely. 5. Chris Christie (Previous: 4) - Before the debate, I said this: He still has some Northeastern appeal, but he would need Jeb Bush, Marco Rubio, and John Kasich to have serious meltdowns. Jeb Bush his flailing, and Christie probably had the 3rd best showing at the 3rd debate. Christie is a great talker, and he is reminding us of when he was a favorite a few short years ago. But there are probably still too many negatives to imagine him pulling this off. But he could spoil some things for Rubio in New Hampshire. 4. John Kasich (Previous: 8) - Kasich feels like he was plucked out of central casting as a 1990s-era Presidential candidate. Hes definitely the kind of moderate, boring candidate that the GOP is known for nominating. He has gone all-in in New Hampshire, a geographically-friendly state. He could end up second there and be the establishment pick. 3. Marco Rubio (Previous: 1) - Rubio loses the top spot and we no longer think he has the best odds at winning the nomination. His plan to surge with the help of high-powered endorsements has not materialized a week out from Iowa, and he remains in a distant third place in Iowa and in a jumble for distant second in New Hampshire. I received the endorsement of the Des Moines Register, but his lack of a lane - hes neither establishment nor anti-establishment - seems to have left him in neutral with no core base. 2. Ted Cruz (Previous: 2) - Cruz was finally forced to go after Trump after a long political bromance, but it may be too little to late, as he is a very distant second everywhere (except Texas). If anything, his actions gave Trump more power than he would otherwise have and talk radio and conservative media never had to choose between the duo. Cruz strategy of not attacking Trump was almost exclusively reliant on having the establishment do it for him, and frankly they have refused to do so. When Cruz did pivot, he simply did not get enough anti-establishment leaders to move to him from Trump. 1. Donald Trump (Previous: 2) - Trump remains an incoherent mess and, magically, 10 points ahead or more just about everywhere. The mainstream and conservative media are fueling his campaign, and he picked up an endorsement from Sarah Palin. Nobody dealt with him seriously from the start, and now he may be unstoppable. In the first debate, he praised socialized medicine and bragged about his role in buying off politicians for business favors. He threatened to run as a 3rd party candidate for leverage, and then doubled-down on his theory that the Mexican government was intentionally sending criminals across the border. In the second debate, Carly Fiorina got the better of him time and time again, and Trump continued to show absolutely no interest in developing policy positions. Does he have any campaign infrastructure? Does he really think people believe he is going to self-fund a billion dollar campaign? I long assumed that those pushing Trump would eventually pivot away to Cruz, and now that we are 1 weeks away that has not happened. (But we think this has more to do with Cruz not seizing the opportunity.) Until someone actually does damage to Trump, or unless Talk Radio backs away, hes the one to beat.

A Comparison of EVA and NPV - 3878 Words

Running head: A COMPARISON OF EVA AND NPV A Comparison of EVA and NPV (discuss the differences and similarity of EVA and NPV; why would companies choose to adopt EVA, implementation issues; chronicle the implementation experience of EVA on a real life company). 1 A COMPARISON OF EVA AND NPV 2 A Comparison of EVA and NPV (discuss the differences and similarity of EVA and NPV; why would companies choose to adopt EVA, implementation issues; chronicle the implementation experience of EVA on a real life company). Finance executives are required not only to crunch numbers and generate forecast but to think ‘critically’, not just seeing the numbers but understanding their implications. This is what Melon (1994)†¦show more content†¦EVA a New financial performance metric Figure 1. EVA a New financial performance metric. (Weaver, 2001, p.50) Figure2. Calculation of EVA per year t Figure2. Calculation of EVA per year t. (Baran et al., 2007, p. 670) Notes: Net Operating Assets – NOA According to Baran et al. (2007), â€Å"it is desirable for EVA to be positive or at [the very] least zero; the higher the value of the indicator of EVA the higher the value created [for the company stockholders]† (Baran et al., 2007, p. 673). A COMPARISON OF EVA AND NPV 5 Defining NPV; its role, application and calculation: Dilon and Owers (1997) states that, â€Å"Net Present Value (NPV) also referred to as the additional market value is generally considered a sound measure of value created† (Dilon Owers, 1997, p. 34). The discounted value of future cash flow (FCFi), expected of a project over its lifetime less the value of the company’s initial capital investment (lo), NPV is considered to be linked to stock prices. Dilon and Owers (1997) argues that, if the acceptance of capital project by a ‘non-regulated’ firm resulted in an increase in stock prices then, if the assumption is made, that the accepted projects were examined using NPV, positive NPV equated to the creation of market value. (Armeanu Lache, 2009, p. 144; Dilon Owers, 1997, p. 34) According to Armeanu and Lache (2009): The NPV criterion is based on the hypothesis of an unsaturated money market, according to which theShow MoreRelatedEva -Economic Value Added10189 Words   |  41 Pages9-206-016 REV: JULY 11, 2006 MIHIR A. DESAI FABRIZIO FERRI Understanding Economic Value Added EVA is based on something we have known for a long time: what we generally call profits, the money left to service equity, is usually not profit at all. Until a business returns a profit that is greater than its cost of capital, it operates at a loss. Never mind that it pays taxes as if it had a genuine profit. 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Descriptive Statistics for Nonparametric Models By Experts

Question: Discuss about the Descriptive Statistics for Nonparametric Models. Answer: Introduction In this report a coffee roasting and producing firm named Sublime coffee is taken for the purpose of comparing the sales figure across various outlets. The company has been started by David Geoffs as a coffee roasting and coffee supplying company. In about eighteen months, the company has grown into a mid-level capacity and now operates in three different outlets: coffee sold to the external customers, coffee sold by mobile carts and coffee sold by internally owned vehicles. There are mainly three types of coffee sold by the firm, namely, sublime delight, mocha delight and expresso delight. The different sales figures for each of the 17 different factory outlet, three mobile carts, and coffee sold from internal carts are given for each month of the year. Various methods of descriptive statistics have been used to analyze the sales figures.The measure of central tendency that has been used are: Arithmetic mean: It is calculated by the formula, Xbar=1/n* Median: It is the middle most observation from the set of observations. Geometric Mean: Geometric mean is the weighted average of the log of the observations( Courvoisier and Renaud 2015). In any dataset, the values of the variable have a tendency to cluster around a central value. The measures of central tendency give this fundamental value of the sales figures.After calculating the mean value, one has to check how much the values are dispersed from the core value. For this one needs to calculate the dispersion among the variables(Bickel and Lehmann 2012). The most common measures of dispersion are: Standard Deviation: It is the root of the sum of the square of deviation of the values from the original value.The following formula gives it: Range: Range is the difference between the smallest and largest observations. It only provides an idea about the spread of the dataset(Gelade, Verardi, and Vermandele 2015). Interquartile range: Sometimes a measure called interquartile range is calculated which is the difference between first and the third quartile of the observations. In general, 90 % of the dataset is expected to lie within the IQR(Weiss and Weiss 2012). After getting an idea about the dispersion of the dataset, one would like to know how much the distribution deviates from a normal distribution. That is whether the distribution is negatively skewed or positivily skewed. The following formula gives a measure of skewness: b1= where denotes the third order raw moment and s^3 is the cube of the standard deviation. After calculating skewness of the distribution, one would like to know about the peakedness of the distribution. To measure peakedness one has to measure kurtosis. The measure of kurtosis is given by the square of second order raw moment divided by fourth order rare moment. From the given dataset on 11 months sales figure for the year 2015, the arithmetic mean is least from sales to external customers and highest for sales from internal carts. The sales figure from the mobile van is moderate among the three. The median value is also highest for sales from internal carts, second largest for sales from mobile vans and least for sales from sales to external customers.The same result is also correct for geometric mean.So the measure of central tendency reveals highest sales from internal carts and lowest to external clients.( Samuels, Witmer and Schaffner 2012). Standard deviation is calculated for the measure of dispersion. The values of dispersion for the three outlets are 12.41121 for sales to external customers, 14.23982 for sales from internal carts and 10.61553 for sales from mobile vans. Although the value of central tendency is highest for sales from internal carts, the standard deviation is also greatest for this particular area. This means that the sales from an internal vehicle are very high, but the sales figures fluctuate very much. The standard deviation is second largest for sales to external customers and least for sales to internal carts. The range and interquartile range values also indicate the sales for external clients and internal carts are widely scattered(Lomaxand Hahs-Vaughn 2013). Kurtosis is greater than zero for external customers and less than zero for internal carts and mobile vans. Kurtosis less than zero means the distribution is platykurtic, that is, the distribution is less peaked while a value more than one indicates a peaked or leptokurtic distribution(Blanca et al. 2013). Skewness measure values are 1.335949, 0.416119, 0.32686 respectively. The skewness values for internal carts and mobile vans are almost approaching towards zero that means unimodal distribution while external customers have a positively skewed distribution(Ho and Carol 2015). So descriptive statistics measures indicate sales from internal carts to be highest followed by mobile vans and lowest to external customers. References: Bickel, P.J. and Lehmann, E.L., 2012. Descriptive statistics for nonparametric models IV. Spread. InSelected Works of EL Lehmann(pp. 519-526). Springer US. Blanca, M.J., Arnau, J., Lpez-Montiel, D., Bono, R. and Bendayan, R., 2013. Skewness and kurtosis in real data samples.Methodology. Courvoisier, D.S. and Renaud, O., 2015. Robust analysis of the central tendency, simple and multiple regression and ANOVA: A step by step tutorial.International Journal of Psychological Research,3(1), pp.78-87. Gelade, W., Verardi, V. and Vermandele, C., 2015. SQN: Stata module to estimate Rousseeuw and Croux (1993) robust measure of dispersion.Statistical Software Components. Ho, A.D. and Carol, C.Y., 2015. Descriptive Statistics for Modern Test Score Distributions Skewness, Kurtosis, Discreteness, and Ceiling Effects.Educational and Psychological Measurement,75(3), pp.365-388. Lomax, R.G. and Hahs-Vaughn, D.L., 2013.An introduction to statistical concepts. Routledge. Samuels, M.L., Witmer, J.A. and Schaffner, A., 2012.Statistics for the life sciences. Pearson education. Weiss, N.A. and Weiss, C.A., 2012.Introductory statistics. London: Pearson Education.

Training and Prosocial Organizational Behaviors-Free-Samples for Stude

Question: Discuss about The relationship between training and prosocial organizational behaviors. Answer: Introduction Some of the fundamental features of the human resource management are training and organizational behavior. Proper training is provided by the experts to the new employees of the organization. The organizational behavior is such an aspect that is measured from the ways the employees of the particular organizations behave (Hendry, 2012). This also reflects the organizational culture as well. In this paper, the main purpose will be to draw a relationship between pro-social organizational behaviors and training of the employees. Training Training is an organized procedure in the organizations. The employees must be given a proper training so that they can enhance their skills and show their worth by delivering the expected performance for the organizations. The employees should be trained in a way by which they can adjust to all the changes in the organizational environment. All the required knowledge, ability and skills can be obtained by the employees if they go through a proper training indeed (Hendry, 2012). Pro-social organizational behaviors Pro-social organizational behaviors are considered to be very important behaviors that are elemental for the success of the organizations. These pro-social organizational behaviors have a huge implication on the overall performance of the organizations (Hazzi Maldaon, 2012). The organizations will be able to survive properly if they perform the pro-social organizational behaviors properly. The pro-social organizational behaviors are generally enacted by the individuals of an organization when he carries out his or her functions for the organization by communicating with his colleagues. There are certain kinds of pro-social organizations that can be highlighted in this context. They are employee-directed pro-social behavior (altruism), compliance, customer0directed pro-social behaviors, whistle-blowing and others. Relationship between pro-social organizations and training It has been a matter of discussion as proper training of the employees could lead to the success of the organization from all the directions (Hazzi Maldaon, 2012). If the employee-directed pro-social organizational behaviors are not properly performed the employees will not learn the ways they should conduct with their colleagues and most importantly with their clients (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). The organization can function smoothly only if the employees are well-organized and behave properly according to the ethics of the organization. The experts should always behave well and co-operate with the workers. These particular behaviors are very necessary for the survival of the organizations (Hazzi Maldaon, 2012). These things are also taught in the training process. This is considered to be one of the most interesting responsibilities for the human resource managers. They should incur the sense of responsibility in the employees through proper training (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). It is believed by some experts that taking up the additional roles or the extra roles is a part of the pro-social organizational behaviors and the employees should be trained by the human resource managers properly (Ford, 2014). All these things should be directed towards meeting the organizational goals and achieve organizational success. Conclusion The paper can be concluded by saying that pro-social organizations are really very inspiring for achieving the organizational success. It is the responsibility of the HR managers to make the employees efficient enough to comply with the needs of the organizations. References Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Ford, J. K. (2014).Improving training effectiveness in work organizations. Psychology Press. Hazzi, O. A., Maldaon, I. S. (2012). Prosocial organizational behaviors: The lifeline of organizations.European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences,54, 106-114. Hendry, C. (2012).Human resource management. Routledge.

Martin Luther King And Malcolm X - Two Views, One Cause Essays

Martin Luther King and Malcolm X - Two Views, One Cause Many black authors and leaders of the sixties shared similar feelings towards the white run American society in which they lived. Malcolm X, James Baldwin, Martin Luther King, and Stokely Carmichael all blamed the whites for the racism which existed. However, they agreed that it was up to the black society to end this problem. Using the black society, each of the authors had their own idea of how racism could be stopped. Unfortunately, for some, such as Malcolm X, this involved the use of violence, while others, such as King, favored the non-violent approach. This paper will focus, for the most part, on Malcolm X and King because they are both strong representations of two different approaches to a common goal. Perhaps their different approaches of violence and nonviolence stem from their original opinions of how capable the whites are of being "good". Not all of the whites involved in the problem of racism supported it. Some were actually trying to help fight for the blacks. Unfortunately, it took Malcolm X a long time to figure that out. Malcolm's paper, "The Ballot or the Bullet," makes that clear. In his paper, he is constantly criticizing whites as a whole. He does not consider, even for a moment, that a white could actually support equality for all men. "Usually, it's the white man who grins at you the most, and pats you on the back, and is supposed to be your friend. He may be friendly, but he's not your friend" (261). However, in a later work of his, "1965," one can see that Malcolm was learning to accept whites as possible allies. I tried in every speech I made to clarify my new position regarding white people - 'I don't speak against the sincere, well meaning, good white people. I have learned that there are some. I have learned that not all white people are racists' (367). Yet, while Malcolm learned over a period of time that not all whites are evil, King entered the scene already fully aware that "good" whites existed. In fact, where Malcolm underestimated the goodness in whites, King seems to have overestimated it. He talks about his overestimating of goodness in "Letter from Birmingham Jail." "I guess I should have realized that few members of a race that has oppressed another race can understand...the deep groans and passionate yearnings of those that have been oppressed" (244). Yet, even after he found that he did not receive as much white support as he had hoped for, King never lost faith in the white community. Altogether, these views of white society as expressed by Malcolm and King are reflected in their methods of fighting racism. Malcolm, who supported the use of violence to achieve equality, most likely reached the conclusion that this was the only way to fight the whites based on his original view of them as heartless and uncaring. One place in Malcolm's "Ballot or Bullet," where his categorizing of whites with violence and cruelty can be found, is during a passage in which he compares the white man with a Guerrilla warrior. "You've got to have a heart to be a Guerrilla warrior, and he (the white man) hasn't got any heart" (267). Malcolm sees the whites as a violent group. He most likely came to his theory, that nothing important could be accomplished without violence, through the reasoning that only violence can be used to stop a violent group. Violent people would not understand the use of peaceful means to reach an agreement. Therefore, it is not really the violence itself which he supports as much as it is the reason for using it. He justifies his use of violence by trying to explain that there is no other way to get through to the white people. In contrast, King sees the whites more as victims of violence than creators of violence. He blames the violence, itself, on evil forces. In "Pilgrimage to Nonviolence," King calls the problem of racism "tension...between the forces of light and the forces of darkness.... We are out to defeat injustice and not white persons who may be unjust" (3). Therefore, one can see why King rejects the idea of using violence to achieve his goals. Only love can defeat evil. "The aftermath of nonviolence is the creation of the beloved community, while the aftermath of violence is tragic bitterness" (2). Aside from their basic methods of achieving their goals,

The War on Drugs essays

The War on Drugs essays In todays society, the war on drugs has become a major issue in our cities and the business community. Many cities have started programs to make the situation better, but some have failed and the situation has become worse. The root of all the problems discussed in this case study, can be linked to drugs. There are many organizations and volunteer community groups as well as law enforcement, that are continuously trying to make our cities safe. This struggle is know globally as the War on Drugs. The war on drugs is a very big part of our society. We face difficult decisions everyday dealing with drugs and how they affect our cities. Our children play a big role in that society, and they are a major factor on the war against drugs. We try to keep children away from the drug situation, but you cannot isolate them forever. Children will have to face the issue as they get older, or even while they are young. We must teach our children about the issues on drugs and make sure they are aware of the dealings that go on. Most children cannot speak to their parents about drugs, and those are the children who are usually doing drugs. If children cannot be open with their parents, they will find some other means of dealing with drug issues. Nearly thirty years ago, the Nixon administration was the first administration to declare the war on drugs. President Nixon is credited with setting up the first methadone centers and abstinence programs cross the country. At the time these programs received two-thirds of the federal drug budget and the results were: crime rates fell and fewer people died of overdose. The Just Say No movement (led by first lady Nancy Reagan) was coupled with rigorous law enforcement and produced solid results. By 1992, for example, marijuana use by high school students had dropped significantly (http://ehostvgw15.epnet.com). ...

Analytical tools in making decisions concerning increasing commodity Essay

Analytical tools in making decisions concerning increasing commodity price - Essay Example The government is the referee in making sure that there is fairness in the business. Economics being a social science it revolves the behavioral aspect of the human life which is imposed by the scarcity of resources in a person life. In a market the interaction between the sellers result what is called economic equilibrium which results the issue of competitiveness in the market. The term economics is a broad discipline that consists of microeconomics and macroeconomics. Microeconomics Microeconomics is a branch of economics that mainly deals with the decision that the agents of the market make while conducting business. The agents of the market are the people and businesses. In essence the study of microeconomics deals with basics of the market. It is more of specific than general. Microeconomics tries to bring the relevance of the small agents in the market that could be neglected but are very important in the study of economics. The consumers provide the market while the suppliers and the businesses provide with the goods and services. The major dwelling of microeconomics is in the supply and demand forces that operate in the market. The supply forces refers to the availability of goods and services to the market while the demand refers to the availability of customers of various products and services in the market. These forces are crucial in the determination of the price of various commodities in the market. The higher the demand it would mean that the goods and services are in short supply while the lower the demand it means the goods and services are in high supply. Thus in high demand the prices are in sky rocketing while in low demand the price are very low than normal (Zhang, 2005) Macroeconomics This is a branch of economics that mainly the whole industry in the market rather than a specific entity like a company. It tries to look an economy at a wide view e.g. the general economy of the country. In macroeconomics, issues such as the GDP are keenly followed and how they are affected by factors such as price levels, unemployment and the rate of growth. The two terms lead to a better understanding of economics. There could be some differences between them but they still deal with study of production, distribution and consumption of goods. In our module we have greatly dealt with microeconomics which entails eh study of the behavioral aspects and factors affecting the agents of economy. There are various theories that try to explain the term economics. These are the supply and demand theory and the classical theory. The supply and demand theory of economics mainly entails looking at the two forces in the market that entirely explains the relationship between the buyers and sellers. The other theory is the classical theory which entirely concentrates on the equilibrium in the market which operates in the market when the market is not interrupted. The theory mainly stresses on the factor that the market should operate freely withou t any interference (Adams, 2008). Analytical tools in making decisions concerning increasing commodity price The price of any product affects the sales of any company, which exponentially affects the profits acquired by the company. In any decision making process of any profitable company coming up with price rise is usually a tricky situation as it directly touches on the customers’ feelings. At the price level is where the company directly interacts with the customers. Price increase cannot be done overnight but it is usually as a result of many factors that contribute to this course. It is mainly as a result of

Routing Protocols Of Cisco Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Routing Protocols Of Cisco - Essay Example 2.2 Static RoutingMeehan says that static routing is the manual addition of routers into the routing board. As such, there is no communication among routers in static routing. As a result, the system administrator enters the fixed or static paths manually into the router without the routers sharing knowledge on the network topology.2.3 Dynamic routing Dynamic routing, which is also called adaptive routing, describes a computer network in which routers are able to alter their route or path depending on the changes in the conditions of communication circuits. For instance, a router is able to adjust to failing lines or overloads in traffic.Static routing is not a form of routing protocol because it is a manual procedure. On the other hand, dynamic routing uses protocols, which are usually supported by various software applications. Through the protocols, which define the path of routers, dynamic routers provide knowledge on various destinations. In static routing, the paths to be follo wed by routers are hard-coded on network devices as demonstrated by Meehan. This means that the direction of traffic is fixed. In dynamic routing, routing protocols are used in the determination of the most appropriate path to send traffic. If a specific path is not preferred, a different route is used in sending data packets. OSPF and EIGRP are examples of protocols used in dynamic routing.Static routing is applicable in computer networks when the number of devices to be configured is very few.

An Argument Against Platos Mimesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

An Argument Against Platos Mimesis - Essay Example The reason Plato did not appreciate the value of literature was because it could not supply us with knowledge. Plato believed in what he referred to as true forms. Every object or idea had a true form counterpart, and all people had some innate sense of these forms. This was how Plato explained how we knew what a tree was. In other words, somewhere in the universe exists the true form of a tree in its most pure form, and we as humans all had some innate sense of what a tree is, and because we have an innate sense of what a tree is because of the true form, we are able to recognize a tree when we see it. The idea of true forms also pertained to notions such as justice, honor, beauty, and other intangibles. The way he applied this to literature was that he felt that literature merely was able to create a reflection, an imitation, of something like justice. Because it was merely creating an imitation, it was inferior to the true form, and because of this it was not able to supply us wit h true knowledge. Also, Plato argued against poets having any real knowledge of the true forms because of their actions. According to this argument, Plato stated that if poetry were to have a real sense or representation of, for instance, justice, then the poet would have to have real knowledge of the true form of justice. If, according to Plato, these poets had a real sense of the true form of justice, then they would not write poetry, which appeals to the emotions and leads people to an unhappy life. Rather, they would choose a course of action in their lives that would lead to this sense of the true form of justice being carried out.

Research proposal

Research proposal Introduction The research proposal you are about to read is constructed in order to describe the research project I will execute. I will execute this research project in order to finalize the educational program ICT in Business at Leiden University. In this proposal I will give the objective and explain the methodology of this research. First, I will start with an introduction of the topic and the theoretical background. The research will be hosted and supervised by Getronics Consulting and will be executed at the Business Unit Innovative Technology (BUIT). The time span of this research will be 24 weeks. Industry This research will be focused on the Dutch ICT consultancy industry. This industry suits my interests and the knowledge I gained during the educational program ICT in Business. Getronics Consulting Getronics Consulting is an ICT Consultancy firm which operates in various markets like financial, industrial, educational, public and healthcare. Getronics Consulting advises companies on their ICT-strategy and executes ICT reorganizations based on knowledge about current ICT-architectures. They streamline and integrate people, process and technology in order to create a reliable ICT-architecture which is accessible anywhere at any time. Getronics Consulting has already 20 years experience in IT Service Management and has a working force of 1400 experienced professionals. The ambition Getronics Consulting wants to be known as the opinion leader in the area of leading standards and advanced information and communication technologies. Business and ICT-trends are translated into concrete and usable products and services. They state that every business process needs another ICT approach and call themselves architects of the invisible. The approach In their approach in improving ICT-services, they consider all aspects of the organization: people, products, partners and processes. From that perspective, Getronics Consulting offers support in setting up and optimizing ICT organizations. The philosophy is to enable employees to do their work more efficient. Business Unit Innovative Technology The Business Unit Innovative Technology (BUIT) is a competence center in the field of Web Content Management and (collaboration) portals. The customer base includes diverse organizations throughout the Netherlands varying from government, energy, media and logistical service providers. The tools used by BUIT are SDL Tridion and Microsoft SharePoint. The execution of successful ICT projects is based on the collaboration between People, Process and Technology. These technologies used by BUIT support the customer needs in various ways and are part of Enterprise Content Management (ECM). Enterprise Content Management The Association for Information and Image Management (AIIM), also known as the ECM association defines ECM as: The strategies, methods and tools used to capture, manage, store, preserve, and deliver content and documents related to organizational processes. ECM tools and strategies allow the management of an organizations unstructured information, wherever that information exists (AIIM, 2008, What is ECM?, para.1.). The solutions offered by BUIT are within the manage category. This category has five traditional application areas (Kampffmeyer, 2004): Document Management (DM) Collaboration Web Content Management (WCM) Record Management (RM) Workflow/business process management (BPM) BUIT has the focus on two application areas: collaboration and WCM. The customer needs are supported with different solutions (Tridion SharePoint) around the latter mentioned application areas. The approach Getronics Consulting brought structure into the approach of their projects. They based this approach on the experiences of projects executed in the past. These experiences are bundled into best practices which are based on the eBusiness Development Cycle. The eBusiness Development Cycle consists of six phases. I will elaborate on these phases to give an explanation of the most important activities. Strategy Knowing the mission, vision and goals of the customer is important in order to determine in what direction that organization wants to move. A clear business case is delivered which describes the added-value of the desired solution. Secondly, a conceptual blueprint is created. This blueprint will describe the building blocks of the system in a functional as well as a technical manner. A flexible and modular architecture is the fundamental idea which enables functionalities to be added in the future with minimal adaptations. This blueprint will also function as a starting point of the second phase. Preparation During this phase, several analyses will be done. First, together with the customer, the sources of information which need to be opened up are identified. In other words, what kind of business content does the customer have and for what purpose. Secondly, a prioritized list of the desired functionalities is created. This document will describe the need-to-haves and the nice-to-haves. Also, a scan of the infrastructure is performed in order to compare the current infrastructure with the desired infrastructure. This scan will identify possible technical bottlenecks. After these analyses, the organization itself will be analyzed in order to get a general picture and to see how the new solution would fit in. The main purpose is to define which processes, responsibilities and tasks are related to the helpdesk, technical management and functional- or application management. Finally, all he information gained from the analyses will be the input of the project plan. This plan will be created based on the project management methodology Price2. Design During the design phase, several designs will be expanded in detail. These designs are the basic foundation of what should be built during realization. The designs to be delivered are: infrastructural design, graphical design, functional design and technical design. Acceptation criteria will be written down by the customer. These criteria will be used at a later stage in order to test if the delivered product matches the customers criteria. Every implementation needs its acceptation. Acceptation within the organization is a crucial factor of the success of an implementation. Therefore, an integration plan is created which describes the tasks, responsibilities and processes in such a way the customer understands how they should deal with them. Realization The designs of the latter phase are approved and BUIT will start with the implementation of the infrastructure and the development of custom components. External functionalities and connections will also be realized. Finally, all the realized functionalities will be tested according to the acceptation criteria before the actual implementation takes place. Implementation During this phase, existing content will be migrated to the new system according to the migration plan. The users of these new functionalities will be trained properly. Also, the implemented system will be tested in order see how it performs and what kind of influence it has on the environment. The users are the last ones testing the system. Again, this is based on the acceptation criteria. During this test, the users will investigate the usability and user interfaces of the system. Bugs, found during the tests will be fixed and last but not least: the system will go live including the communication to the end-users. Maintenance The maintenance phase is the operational situation after implementation of the complete system. The emphasis of this phase lies on proper documentation in order to simplify and support future developments and decisions. If necessary, backup- and monitoring processes can be arranged. In the end, an evaluation of the project and its output will be executed. Customer needs The customer requests received by BUIT are especially about online collaboration and the publication of business information (Web Content Management). Today, these processes are supported by internet technologies. The following sections will elaborate on these customer needs. Web Content Management Customers have the need to maintain business information in an easy and intuitive way and make it accessible for those who are authorized to see the content. Information should not be scattered around the organization accessible via different platforms, but via one central platform. Organizational members should also be able to add content to this platform. Adding and maintaining information is one thing, finding the information is another important feature. Organizations have the need to find information via one central search engine which mines different business information sources. Some information is confidential and should only be accessible via the intranet. Organizations can also have the need to share information with the outside world. Think about jobs, news etc. Collaboration Collaboration, essential for improving productivity, becomes more and more important as global market opportunities and competition increase (Soriano, Lizcano, CaÃÆ'Â ±as, Reyes, Hierro, 2007). Today, there are all kinds of collaboration platforms available. BUIT is specialized in Microsoft SharePoint. Microsoft SharePoint is an enterprise platform which supports organizations with collaboration. SharePoint enables people to access diverse resources of information via one platform regardless the devices they have available (Microsoft, 2009). Interest in new technologies BUIT notices the emergence of new technologies and is interested in how these new tools are able to support their current and near-future customer needs. With these new technologies I refer to Web 2.0 technologies. BUITs assumptions about Web 2.0 are not rare. Some researchers come up with statements which add even more question marks. According to Tedennick (2006) Web 2.0 technologies have the advantage of adaptability to the business environment and responsiveness to changing business information needs. He argues that Web 2.0 technologies may offer real benefits in business environments where information plays a vital role. Bughin and Manyika (2007) say that Web 2.0 technologies rely on user collaboration. For BUIT, this raises a couple of questions. What should we do with Web 2.0? Should we embrace Web 2.0, if yes, why? And what are the benefits of Web 2.0 when supporting our customers needs? Web 2.0 Nowadays, new technologies emerged under the label Web 2.0. Web 2.0 is a label coined by OReilly (2005) to describe new patterns which emerged due to the changes occurred by the use of internet. These patterns do not describe the technology but describe the way people share information, contribute to collective knowledge, collaborate and interact with each other. Although this explanation is not about technologies, technologies play a significant role in Web 2.0. As Shah et al. (2005) state in their essay about Web 2.0: The technologies behind Web 2.0 provide a richer user experience and make use of information in unique ways (Introduction, para.1). Theoretical background Like many researchers and organization the Association for Information and Image Management (AIIM) has also his own opinions about Web 2.0. They state that: Many organizations see value in using Web 2.0 tools or social software within their organizations for improved collaboration and innovation, and this is then often referred to as Enterprise 2.0 (AIIM, 2008, What is Web 2.0?, para.2). The AIIM (2008) defines Enterprise 2.0 as: a system of web-based technologies that provide rapid and agile collaboration, information sharing, emergence and integration capabilities in the extended enterprise (What is Web 2.0?, para.1). An important link with this study is that Web 2.0 seems to improve collaboration (AIIM, 2008). Organizations, mainly located in the US are planning to maintain and increase investments in technologies which encourages collaboration (Bughin Manyika, 2007). Unfortunately, the literature gives no evidence about the Dutch interests and investments in Web 2.0. Tredinnick (2006) has the most interesting statements regarding the interests of BUIT. He claims that The key to Web 2.0 is harnessing the ways in which users use information to add value to information (either through direct or indirect user-participation) in creating the information sources that they use (p.232). This is in relation with the current customer needs. As you could read in chapter 2, in the most abstract form, customers have the need to publish information and enable the access to multiple sources of information. Another conclusion of Tredinnick (2006) suggests a benefit for the customer needs: Web 2.0 technologies also allow a far greater degree of collaboration in the creation of content. (p.233) Not only Tedinnick talks about Web 2.0 benefits regarding collaboration. Soriano et al. (2007) says that: Enterprise 2.0 provides enterprises with new models and tools for emergent collaboration and co-creation (Introduction, para.1). Clearly, Web 2.0 has a relation to customer needs regarding WCM and collaboration. Unfortunately, we do not know which elements of Web 2.0 offer what kind of benefits. It would be interesting to know which specific Web 2.0 patterns can offer benefits in supporting the customer needs described in chapter 2. Web 2.0 design patterns OReilly described his ideas about Web 2.0 through seven design patterns: 1) the web as a platform; 2) harnessing collective intelligence; 3) data is the next Intel inside; 4) end of the software release cycle; 5) lightweight programming models; 6) software above the level of a single device and, 7) rich user experience. The web as platform The internet can be seen as a platform through which the users are connected and collaborating with each other. The platform can be seen as the core which binds the elements of Web 2.0 together. Facebook implemented the pattern: the web as a platform. Facebook, an online social network enables people to connect with each other and share and access information. Their mission is to give people the power to share and make the world more open and connected (Facebook, 2010). Facebook (2010) also provides the programmatic interfaces that make it easy, quick, and efficient to share and access information. Harnessing Collective Intelligence Today, the web connects 1.7 billion users with each other (Internet World Stats, 2010). The web enables these users to add content to the web and collaborate with each other. This means users are collectively participating. They bring structure to information by tagging the information (OReilly, 2005). Arguing about topics in their blogs (short for Web Log) and sharing their knowledge trough online encyclopedia like Wikipedia (OReilly, 2005). Data is the next Intel inside The web is all about finding, sharing and enriching information. Amazon, the online store for books and electronics gets his information about books from ISBN registry provider R.R. Bowker. Amazon and its users enrich this information by adding covers, previews, comments and reviews about the books. The ISBN registry is also available to the competitors of Amazon, but the value added by amazon and their users is hard to copy by competitors. The enriched information is therefore Amazons Intel inside. End of the software release cycle Normally, software is released when totally finished and tested. When this is not the case, it gets labeled as Beta which indicates that the software is not totally finished and needs some testing. In the world of Web 2.0, users are the testers and provide the vendor with feedback, or even help improve the software by co-development. This beta version gets updated regularly but never becomes a final version. Vendors use real time monitoring to track user behavior in order to make changes in their software (OReilly, 2005). Lightweight programming models This pattern could also be explained by Web Services and RSS (Really Simple Syndication). Web Services are protocols which make it easier for different systems to communicate with one another automatically in order to pass information or conduct transactions. For example, a retailer and supplier use Web Services to communicate over the internet and update each others inventory systems (Bughin Manyika, How Business Are Using Web 2.0: A McKinsey Global Survey, 2007).These Web Services are lightweight and could be used to pull or push information between systems. RSS enables users to aggregate information from various sources. Users can subscribe to websites and blogs or other information sources. The content gets separated from its design and can be used anywhere. Software above the level of a single device In the Web 1.0 paradigm, the web was only accessible via a single device. Nowadays, the web is accessible via a wide range of devices e.g.: mobile phones, televisions, game consoles, MP3-playes, PDAs etc. These devices are connected to the platform which enables users to stay in touch virtually anywhere at any time. Rich user experience Last but not the least the rich user experience pattern is about the richness of an internet application. These applications are also called: Rich Internet Application (RIA). A RIA is an internet application, viewed via the web browser where the user experiences a richer environment which is comparable to a desktop application. Research objective The objective of this research is to investigate the benefits of Web 2.0 regarding WCM and Collaboration activities. In other words, what is the benefit for an organization to have Web 2.0 support their Web Content Management and collaboration activities? In order to see the benefits I will need to compare the old situation with the new Web 2.0 situation. With the old situation I refer to how the WCM and Collaboration activities are supported today. The new situation refers to a situation where an organization implemented one or more Web 2.0 design patterns in order to support their activities. Measuring the difference between the two situations requires a measurement instrument. Having the validation in mind, this should be the same instrument for both the situations in order to make a valid comparison. Therefore, I will use the conceptual framework described in chapter 5. The first step of this research is to find out which processes are demanding what kind of information properties and with what degree (e.g. high accuracy of information). The second step is to look at new technologies referred to as Web 2.0 and investigate how they support WCM and Collaboration. The focus is on the level of information properties. So, how do Web 2.0 design patterns perform regarding the demanded information properties. It could be that a design pattern causes information to be better accessible. Managerial relevance This research will be relevant because ICT Consultancy companies like Getronics Consulting gain insight in the benefits Web 2.0 might offer when supporting their customers processes related to Web Content Management and Collaboration. Due to the abstract approach of this research, near-future processes which require certain information properties could be matched with Web 2.0 design patterns. Academic relevance Nowadays, Web 2.0 is a hot research topic. Researchers are trying to find out how businesses are using Web 2.0 (Bughin Manyika, How Business Are Using Web 2.0: A McKinsey Global Survey, 2007); what impact Web 2.0 has on enterprise applications (Adobe, 2007) and Web 2.0 Business A pointer to the intranets of the future? (Tredinnick, 2006). The survey done by Bughin and Manyika tells us that the corporate world has a clear interest in Web 2.0 technologies. Respondents of their survey say they are using Web 2.0 technologies to: communicate with customers and business partners; help manage knowledge internally; share and gather ideas and for automation and collaboration. (Tredinnick, 2006) explored the application of Web 2.0 technologies to business intranets, and their potential use in managing and developing business information and knowledge assets. The latter mentioned authors lack to describe information properties required by the processes of the organizations and how Web 2.0 affected these properties. New knowledge could be created by finding out which and how Web 2.0 patterns affect the information properties. Another issue from the latter mentioned papers is that they mainly surveyed the US and only some European countries like: Germany, France and the U.K. Since this research will be executed inside the Netherlands based on organizational needs from Dutch companies, new knowledge could be created. Information requirements Organizations have all kind of processes which need to be supported. Today, many of those processes are supported with IT solutions. Davenport (1993) defines a business process as: A structured, measured set of activities designed to produce a specific output for a particular customer or market (p. 5). In short, the core of a process could be explained as: Figure 1: Core principle of a process. Depending on what kind of activity needs to be supported, emphasis is placed on different requirements of information (Davis, 1982). One business process could require high accuracy of information while another process would require less accurate but timelier information. When these requirements or properties of information are known, a suitable solution for supporting the business process could be selected. But how do we analyze which information requirements are demanded? Conceptual framework Wang and Strong (1996) conducted research in order to develop a hierarchical framework for organizing data quality dimensions. This framework contains several information requirements grouped into four categories. Wang and Strong (1996) conclude that the framework could be useful as a checklist during data requirement analysis (p. 23). This particular statement is interesting since one objective of this research is to analyze which requirements of information are demanded by WCM and Collaboration activities. As you may have noticed, the words data and information are used interchangeably. The word data is a Latin noun, datum, meaning something that is given (Bovee et al., 2002). For information the definition that information is, or contains, input or pieces of information (data) organized to some purpose will be used (Davenport Prusak, Stonie, as cited in Bovee et al., 2002 ,p4). Therefore, data and information will be treated synonymously throughout this proposal. The perspective from which the requirements of information will be measured is an organizational perspective. Other researchers (Bovee et al, 2002 and Katerattanakul Siau, 1999) used this model to measure the quality of information based on a user perspective. Within the context of this research, the organization can also be seen as the user who requires information to be: e.g. accurate or timely. Again, this framework proves to be a relevant tool required by this research. The framework contains 15 requirements grouped into 4 categories. Wang and Strong (1996) stated that this framework provides a basis for deciding which aspects of data quality to use in any research study (p. 22). Regarding this statement, I will have to determine the relevance of each information requirement. For the case studies (proposed in chapter 7) the data quality metrics: accuracy, relevancy, timeliness, interpretability and accessibility will be used. The latter metrics are the most commonly used metrics according to the reviewed literature (Bovee et al., 2002 and Kahn et al., 2002 and Lee et al., 2001 and Griffiths, 2005). Figure 2: A conceptual framework of data quality (Wang Strong, 1996) Research questions Main research question What is the benefit for an organization to have Web 2.0 support their WCM and Collaboration activities? Sub questions Some sub questions are posed in order to answer the main research question. These sub questions will gain more insight about the separate components of the main research question. Which properties of information are important regarding the processes which are currently supported by WCM and Collaboration? Which properties of information are offered by each Web 2.0 design pattern? How do the information properties offered by Web 2.0 patterns match with the information properties demanded by WCM and Collaboration activities? Research methodology Obviously, the main research question as well as the sub-questions cannot be answered without justified sources of evidence. You can imagine that a certain starting point is needed. Therefore, the methodology for this research will be an explanatory multiple-case study within Getronics Consulting and KPN. Herriott Firestone (as cited by Yin, 2003, p.46) say that the evidence from multiple cases is often considered more compelling, and the overall study is therefore regarded as being more robust. According to Yin (2003) a case study is best used when asking questions such as how and why. Since the sub-questions one and two are not how or why questions, these questions are operationalized. The data collection methods will be face-to-face interviews, documentation and archival records (system data). Case description As stated in the introduction, two case studies will be conducted within two different companies. First the Knowledge Sharing Expertise Building project within Getronics Consulting will be studied. Secondly, the social media platform KPN1 Connect within KPN will be studied. Knowledge Sharing Expertise Building (KSEB) Getronics Consulting recently initiated the KSEB project. Getronics Consulting has the need to capture and preserve knowledge gained by its employees. When an employee is working on a project and wants to know more about a particular subject, he should be able to find the right colleague(s) with the right expertise for addressing this particular subject. The KSEB platform will consist of different portals: Personal; Communities; and Knowledge Base. The personal portal will contain a public profile and a blog with posts. The communities portal will contain a community wiki and a community team site. News, a forum and shared documents will be present on the team site. The last portal, the knowledge base will contain a category site with documents. KPN1 Connect The project KPN1 Connect is initiated because of a specific need. KPN had the need to foster communication between all employees across the entire organization. They wanted communication to happen in an organic manner rather than a horizontal/vertical manner which is based on the employees hierarchical status. Therefore, a social media platform was launched earlier this year. This platform is an extension to their original intranet and enables employees to communicate with one another via weblogs (blogs) and short (micro blog) messages. Employees have their own profile which contains: name; function; professional expertise; professional interests; hobbies; and product expertise. In short, they can post blogs; short messages; photos; videos and reactions based on content posted by others. The platform also recommends other employees based on the content of the employees profile. And, last but not least, a sophisticated search function enables employee to find other employees and content posted by others. Case studies propositions The propositions of a case study are important in order to direct the attention into the right direction within the scope of the study (Yin, 2003). For both the case studies the same propositions are posed. The propositions are: Getronics Consulting is using Knowledge Sharing Expertise Building in order to support WCM and Collaboration activities. KPN is using KPN1 Connect in order to support Collaboration activities. Getronics Consulting implemented at least one Web 2.0 design pattern into Knowledge Sharing Expertise Building. KPN implemented at least one Web 2.0 design pattern into KPN1 Connect. Web 2.0 design patterns have an effect on the properties of information. Operational questions With the case studies I hope to answer the sub-questions stated in chapter 6. The following table presents how the sub-questions will be operationalized in a larger set of questions, and how they will be answered by each method. Question q1 will be answered with three operational questions. By answering the first, evidence should point out which processes the company wants to support and why with the use of this particular system. The second question is about the analysis of the content. The analysis should indicate what kind of information is stored and processed by the system, and how this information is tagged and related with each other. The purpose of the third question is to investigate what kinds of properties of information are demanded by the organization. This is regarding the processes and the kind of content stored and processed by the system. Question q2 will be answered with two operational questions. The first question will explore what kind of Web 2.0 design patterns are implemented and with what intentions. The second question will measure how the implemented Web 2.0 design patterns score according to the properties of information. Analyzing the results During the case studies, the data quality will be measured twice. First according to what the organization is demanding. For example: organization x has the activity of publishing content and ranks the accuracy of the information most important. Secondly the data quality is measured according to what the Web 2.0 design pattern can offer. For example: design pattern rich user experience causes information to be better interpretable. By analyzing both results the last sub-question will be answered: (q3) How do the information properties offered by Web 2.0 patterns match with the information properties demanded by WCM and Collaboration activities? References Adobe. (2007). The Impact of Web 2.0 on Enterprise Applications A strategy to improve business performance through software that works the way people work. CIO Custom Solution Group. AIIM. (2008). AIIM What is Web 2.0? Retrieved April 13, 2010, from AIIM: http://www.aiim.org/What-is-Web-2.0.aspx AIIM. (2008, Januari). What is ECM? Retrieved April 2010, from AIIM: http://www.aiim.org/What-is-ECM-Enterprise-Content-Management.aspx Baarde, B., Goede, M. d. (1995). Methoden en Technieken (2nd ed.). Houten: Educatieve Partners Nederland BV. Bouman, E. (2008). SmarTEST: slim testen van informatiesystemen. Den Haag: Sdu Uitgevers bv. Bovee, M., Srivasta

Find out the concentration of the cell contents of a potato :: GCSE Biology A2 A-Level Coursework

Find out the concentration of the cell contents of a potato Introduction Osmosis is the diffusion of water from a lower concentration of solute to a higher concentration of solute through a partially permeable membrane. This lets smaller molecules such as water, pass through but does not allow bigger molecules through. The molecules continue to diffuse until they reach a balanced state, where no area has a higher or lower concentration than any other. In a high concentration of water the amount of sugar solution is low. This is called a weak/dilute solution. In a weak concentration of water the amount of sugar solution is high. This is called a strong/concentrated solution. When a semi-permeable membrane divides two solutions, the water will move from the area of high concentration to the area of low concentration, until both sides are equal. Aim To find out how much sugar concentration there is in a cell of a potato. This means I will put the potato cylinders in different solutions of different concentrations. There are also other factors involved, these are:  · Temperature of water  · Size of potato cylinder  · Mass of potato cylinder  · Volume of solution potato cylinder is in  · Type of potato  · Time left in solution Fair Testing If this experiment isn’t a fair test, we will be collecting the wrong results, which can lead us to the wrong conclusions. To conduct a fair test I will ensure that the experiment is carried out at room temperature. The size of the potato is an important factor, as the amount of weight lost or gained will alter. Also the potato cylinders will be weighed before and after the experiment to see if osmosis has taken place. The type of potato I will use will stay the same as different potatoes may absorb at different rates. Planned Method A range of sugar solutions will be arranged with concentrations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Sections of potato will be cut with a scalpel and measured with a ruler. This has to be done carefully as the difference of surface area may allow more or less osmosis to occur. The mass of each cylinder will be weighed to ensure consistency. I will do each experiment three times so that I can take an average for each sugar solution. By doing this I will receive more accurate results and therefore draw up a more accurate conclusion. I will also use 20 ml of each solution and of tap water. The potato cylinders will then be left for 15 minutes. When the cylinders are removed I will clean them with a paper towel, to remove excess moisture, and then re-weigh them. Prediction For this investigation, I think the lower the concentration of the

Nvq Err Task B

Task B – Your Work Role Bi-Describe Terms Conditions of Contract of Employment Job Description, Defining my Role, Responsibilities as well as the roles of others such as Managers & Supervisors. Entitlement, Such as Rate of Pay, Holidays, Sickness Benefit, Pensions & Expenses. Responsibilities, Working Hours, Illness, Absence, Complaints Procedures, Notice Periods (leaving & dismissal), Company Dress Code, Changes in Circumstances, Assessments & Training. General,Correct Use of Company Equipment (telephones & computers), Codes of Behaviour, Health & Safety. Bii-Describe Information on Payslip Company Name, My Name, Payment Number, Payment Period, Employee Number, Tax Code National Insurance Number, Payment Date, Rate of Pay (holiday, sickness, overtime), Contributions (tax & national insurance, pension), Gross & Net Pay. Biii-Identify 2 Changes in Personal Info Any change in circumstances such as my name, address & contact information. Bv-Explain Agreed Ways of Working Data Pro tectionBy agreeing that no data is disclosed without the consent of clients and ensuring that all sensitive information is stored in a secure manner (filing cabinets locked, computers password protected). Grievance By agreeing a solution with the employer in order to resolve any disputes or differences in opinion which can be recorded in writing in order to avoid Legal or Trade Representations. Conflict Management It is essential that good lines of communication exist between the employer & employee so that the employer is confident that the employee`s time in the workplace is both constructive & productive.Anti-discriminatory Practice In order to maintain no person is discriminated against in the workplace employers should offer guidance with the Company Discrimination Policy & employee`s should participate in training. Health & Safety The employer needs to outline the employee`s role & responsibilities within company in order for the employee to work in a safe & secure manner when making practical decisions in the workplace. ConfidentialityIt is essential that this is maintained at all times in order to promote professionalism, trust, value, understanding & confidence in the employee`s ability when dealing with clients & their needs. Whistleblowing Unethical behaviour by staff & management is unacceptable and cannot be tolerated in any circumstance. Employers should have strict guidelines in order for the employee to make an informed decision on possible breaches & report accordingly without the fear of repercussion. Bvi-Explain How Role Contributes to Service ProvidedMy role is provide clients with support, attention & understanding in order to provide them with the best possible care I can provide. Bvii-Explain How to Influence Quality of Service Best Practice Customer service is priority, I must be kind, considerate & polite at all times in order to promote client confidence which can be done easily with constructive comments & positive feedback. Requirem ents By not carrying out the requirements of my role the basic care & attention required by my clients would suffer & this would have a destructive and negative impact on their recovery.Bviii-Describe How Own Work is Influenced by Codes of Practice etc. These National factors & Codes of Practice give me guidance, standards & guidelines to follow whilst Legislation advises me of what is considered safe & acceptable behaviour within the workplace. Bix-Influential Representative Bodies Social Services Providing a wide range practical & emotional support services which offer awareness & security in order to manage the welfare of vulnerable people within the community. Human Rights Offering a secure & safe standard of life without prejudice or discrimination.

How to Write an Exemplification Essay

How to Write an Exemplification Essay How to Write an Exemplification Essay In its essence, an exemplification essay is an essay in which the writer proves its thesis with the help of various examples. An exemplification essay is also sometimes referred to as an illustrative essay. No matter how it is called though, here are some useful tips on how to write an exemplification essay. Essence of exemplification essay First, you need to choose a topic, although very often it is given explicitly. The most important thing in writing an exemplification essay is to find the right examples which will clarify, enhance and intensify the topic and the content of the whole essay. Once the topic and its supportive examples are clarified and carefully chosen, you have to actually start writing the essay. Opening of exemplification essay It is a principal rule in all types of essay writing, including the exemplification or illustrative one, that the beginning of the essay should be strong; it has to state the defended thesis and direct the reader to what is following. A good way to start an exemplification essay is with a famous quote, an anecdote, a question or by stating a common fact or statistics. For example, let’s say you have decided to write an exemplification essay on genetic engineering; you may start with the question: What comes first, the chicken or the egg? After that, you can use and state different statistics results and researches which will help you reveal the benefits or disadvantages of using genetic engineering depending on whether you are writing about pros or cons of genetic engineering. A good opening of any essay, including the exemplification one, guarantees that the readers will focus, examine and reflect on it. Body of exemplification essay After you have finished writing the opening of the exemplification essay, you need to move forward to its body. Again, the body of the essay must include strong and clear ideas, arguments and points, details and brief examples, and of course information to support the topic. It is very important to use arguments and information that will make the thesis of the exemplification essay sound valid. In order to do that, you must consider its audience. The facts and research that you will have to do in case you decide to write an exemplification essay on genetic engineering or on the effect of fashion in our daily life will be completely different. So, in order to write a good and influential essay you must first think about your audience. Once you have already decided on the thesis, identified your audience and conducted proper research of examples, facts, arguments and points, you have to categorize them by importance and influence in relation with the thesis. The strongest and the most influential example should be stated and examined in the first paragraph of the body of the essay. After that, you must continue stating its examples and evidence which support your thesis depending on how they are categorized. Sometimes, instead of presenting facts you can use a story to prove your point in one of the paragraphs. It is very important to use transitional sentences between the paragraphs of the exemplification or illustrative essay. Conclusion of exemplification essay The last but not least important part in writing an exemplification essay is the conclusion. In general, the conclusion summarizes the opening or the introduction of the essay, its thesis and body, adds a final touch and convinces the audience to accept the thesis. In other words, in the conclusion you restate your thesis and pinpoint the main arguments proving it. Statistics and facts should be kept out. The information in the conclusion has to be served in a reflective or philosophical manner. The conclusion is the place of the essay where you create and shape the final conclusion of the work. Apart from restating the thesis of the exemplification essay and its strongest arguments, that part of the essay must establish a sense of closure and completeness of the whole work. It’s recommended to link the first paragraph with the last one by repeating certain words or phrases. Simple grammar structure and sentences are preferable in that part of the exemplification or illustrative essay. Restating what you have proven in the exemplification essay with simple and strong sentences can only further the audience’s feeling of closure and completeness of the subject. For additional cogency you can use a reference or quotation. Also, it is important to note that you should not simply summarize the exemplification essay but should try to strengthen its thesis for one last time.

Free Essays on Japan

Japanese in Control Vandana Gandhi Ms. Livingston 19 July 2000 English 161 Japan in Control Americans who buy Japanese goods, or even US companies that actively source Japanese parts for their products unknowingly help Japanese reach the goal of their economic war. America often complains that Japan must change its ways to become more like us. However, this is not true, as America is not number one anymore. Today, the tables are turned. America, which used to be the world’s largest creditor nation, is now the world’s largest debtor nation. Currently, Japan is the world’s largest creditor nation and we are one of their biggest borrowers (Burnstein 77). Their strategies have helped Japanese industries take over in America. Moreover, Japan has taken control in the economic war with America. Japan is a major or dominant power in almost every world strategic industry including finance, communications, mass-transit, semi-conductors, motor vehicles, and popular-entertainment. Two of the th ree biggest movie/entertainment companies in America (Universal/MCA), the makers of "Jurassic Park", and Columbia/Tri-star are Japanese. Many big companies in the US like Loews Theatres, and Firestone Tires are Japanese. In fact, today 7 of the 10 largest companies in the world are Japanese. Furthermore, Japan today is the world's biggest manufacturer of autos, having surpassed the United States in the mid 1980's. These all used to be American dominated industries 25 years ago (Information Please! 144). Some claims echoed in America that are commonly dismissed as â€Å"Japan Bashing† statements, upon investigation these claims are in fact truthful. The following statements may seem brash right now, but their meanings will become clearer in the explanations and examples that follow. Japan is in a kind of economic war against us. Their objective is for them to win and for us to lose. Through the use of cartels, price fixing, government-corporate "an... Free Essays on Japan Free Essays on Japan Japanese in Control Vandana Gandhi Ms. Livingston 19 July 2000 English 161 Japan in Control Americans who buy Japanese goods, or even US companies that actively source Japanese parts for their products unknowingly help Japanese reach the goal of their economic war. America often complains that Japan must change its ways to become more like us. However, this is not true, as America is not number one anymore. Today, the tables are turned. America, which used to be the world’s largest creditor nation, is now the world’s largest debtor nation. Currently, Japan is the world’s largest creditor nation and we are one of their biggest borrowers (Burnstein 77). Their strategies have helped Japanese industries take over in America. Moreover, Japan has taken control in the economic war with America. Japan is a major or dominant power in almost every world strategic industry including finance, communications, mass-transit, semi-conductors, motor vehicles, and popular-entertainment. Two of the th ree biggest movie/entertainment companies in America (Universal/MCA), the makers of "Jurassic Park", and Columbia/Tri-star are Japanese. Many big companies in the US like Loews Theatres, and Firestone Tires are Japanese. In fact, today 7 of the 10 largest companies in the world are Japanese. Furthermore, Japan today is the world's biggest manufacturer of autos, having surpassed the United States in the mid 1980's. These all used to be American dominated industries 25 years ago (Information Please! 144). Some claims echoed in America that are commonly dismissed as â€Å"Japan Bashing† statements, upon investigation these claims are in fact truthful. The following statements may seem brash right now, but their meanings will become clearer in the explanations and examples that follow. Japan is in a kind of economic war against us. Their objective is for them to win and for us to lose. Through the use of cartels, price fixing, government-corporate "an... Free Essays on Japan Conformity in Japan We absolutely live in conformity to something like fashion, thoughts or whatever depends on us. Conformity has existed in many countries since people began to make groups. It’s an awful trend, because conformity hides the personality and characteristics of a person. Some people may be scared to do something different from others, while some may have the ease to be the same as others. In addition to being similar with the group, most people feel pressured by their peers, and they end up doing things against their free choice. There are various cases of conformity even in Japan. It’s not different from the past and the present. The history of Japan during 1603-1867, called the Edo period, has some awful peer pressure stories. These were called â€Å"Murahachibu† which means that the whole village blames and sends away a person who breaks the rules along with his/her family and group. They might even impose high taxes to these people. Still today, we sometimes call â€Å"Murahachibu† peer pressure. In the Edo period, the villages were organized into groups of 5, and each group take joint responsibility for the prevention of crimes and paying for tax. Everyone had to be the same. Japan is one of the most serious countries that practice conformity today. Most people, from children to adults, feel peer pressure. Some adults even allow their children to do the same as their peer, because the adults think that they may be departed from their group if their children do something strange. Japanese people like to make their own groups, and do anything only with their own friends. Lately, news about a more serious problem of bully is increasing. These are not only about young people, but the adults’ behavior and feeling about peer pressure are evident. I had belonged to groups that conformed, and I had to be the same with everyone else. My junior high and high school had a rule that we wear uniform. We must ... Free Essays on Japan Mutsuhito Emperor Meiji was born on November 3rd, 1852 in Kyoto, and given the name Mutsuhito. He took the personal name Mutsuhito when he became crown prince in 1860. He was the second son of emperor Komei, who ruled between 1847 and 1866. His father was the titular ruler in the last years of the Tokugawa Shogunate. His mother was Yoshiko Makayama. His consort empress Shoken, devoted her life to promoting national welfare and women’s education. She donated a fund to the International Red Cross, named the â€Å"Empress Shoken Fund,† which is currently utilized for international welfare activities. In 1868 radical nationalists groups working for a stronger Japan united under the emperor and toppled the Tokugawa Shogunate, replacing it with a unified administration headed by the sovereign. As part of the new regime’s policies, Meiji became the first emperor to live in Tokyo rather than Kyoto, the traditional imperial capital. Although only 15 years old, the emperor in time became an influential force in the government, he functioned mainly as a symbol of national unity, leaving the actual business of governing to his ministers. His presence was essential to the new government as a source of legitimacy, as a sanction for its transformation of Japan, and as the center of the authoritarian cult of the state Shinto which it introduced. During his reign, Japan became an industrial power able to compete with the nations of the west. The Meiji shrine in the center of Tokyo was built in his honor. His accession to the throne marked the beginning of a national revolution known as the Meiji restoration. During this time, Japan became a world industrial and naval power. His ministers abolished the feudal system, abolished discrimination against the lowest caste, established state schools, and reformed the civil service, introduced conscription, the western calendar, and other measures to modernize Japan, including a constitution in 1889. ... Free Essays on Japan JAPAN Japan is a country located east of North, and South Korea, and China. It’s capital city is Tokyo, which is the largest city in Japan, and has one of the biggest metropolitan areas is the world. Japan is made of four main islands: Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, and Shikoku, but has many smaller islands as well. Japan’s total area is around 145,000 square miles, and is actually bigger than places such as England, and Italy. Japan also has a population of over 126 million people, which is the ninth largest in the world. Two-thirds Japan is made of mountainous areas, forcing the people to squeeze into smaller areas, giving Japan a huge populations density. Until recently, Japan was an extremely isolated place, which helped giving Japan it’s distinct culture. Most of Japan’s crops are made of vegetables, and rice. Because of little farming space, Japan gets 63% of it’s food from other countries. Japan’s climate is very similar to that of the US east co ast, but has more rainfall, and is generally warmer. Japanese usually pay about one-third more for stuff than the US. Because of government controls, and regulations, Japan’s firms have about the world’s highest cost. Even with all this, Japan is still the worlds fifth most productive country. Also, Japanese firms that compete internationally, are 20%more effective than US firms. As far as the auto industry goes, Japan is just as productive as the US, but when itcomes to construction, sometimes, the crews must be almost triple of what they are in the US... Another reason Japan’s economy is not that of the US’s is because the prices of stuff for sale onlinein Japan, is 46% higher than it is in the US! And even the internet connection itselfis sometimes 45% higher than the US also! As far as religion goes, the Japanese do not have a problem with taking aspects, and principles from many differentreligions, and using them all. 65% of Japanese people hav e their own priv...

Pros and Cons of Charter Schools Research Paper

Pros and Cons of Charter Schools - Research Paper Example A good way to obtain a good idea of a charter school is to consider its characteristics compared to the public school based on school size, grade-level configuration, student-to-teacher ratio, and student-to-computer ratio (Beryl et al.). In 1997 to 1998, the average size of charter school was 137 students and more than 400 for the public school in the same year (Feinberg 156). Though there is a significant increase in number, the same trend today is followed, by which charter schools have substantially small number of students and public schools have even more. Regarding the grade-level configuration, charter schools are given by the State laws the freedom to choose the grade structure and the age range of the students they will serve (RPP International 22). A certain study reveals that the student-to-ratio in low-performing charter schools is approximately 17 to 1, compared to approximately 15 to 1 in acceptable-performing charter schools (Burds 104). Intuitively, these ratios are lower compared to the prevailing ratios in comparable schools. There may be or no significant difference when it comes to student-to-computer ratio between charters schools and public schools, it is evident that students at charter schools are using computers extensively (Hill 16; RPP International 26). These characteristics are also significant indicators of learning. With this in mind for consideration, charter schools may be advantageous when it comes to learning compared to public schools because of the associated innovation in education. Aside from that, learning must be significantly of more interactive value in charter schools than in public schools because of the engagement of parents and teachers with the students’ actual academic performance. This will provide a more... This report stresses that one inherent manifestation of charter schools is their ability to allow teachers, parents and students to have strong involvement and participation together in order to ensure high rate of academic achievement and excellent academic performance. With this given information, one might consider that there are many things to be taken into account as great with charter schools. However, this does not mean that charter schools may not have some other important drawbacks. In order to make a clear justification of point regarding these two conflicting issues, the work at hand presents the pros and cons of charter schools and investigates if the former may have surpass the latter. This paper makes a conclusion that prior to the main objective of this paper, the need to consider the other sheer characteristics of a charter school is a better way to understand its advantages and probable linked disadvantages. A good way to obtain a good idea of a charter school is to consider its characteristics compared to the public school based on school size, grade-level configuration, student-to-teacher ratio, and student-to-computer ratio. Regarding the grade-level configuration, charter schools are given by the State laws the freedom to choose the grade structure and the age range of the students they will serve. Students in charter schools will have more exposure to modern information technology, which is evident in the student-to-computer ratio.

TRENDS IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

TRENDS IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY - Essay Example the new appearing forms of families resulting from both demographic and structural changes occurring in the world, it is still very important to categorize it for analytical purposes. According to Rappaport and Rapaport (1982), there are five types of family diversity which are very important in understanding how family diversity takes shape in real life: It results from the different access to economic and material resources that the families may posses. Social class diversity gives rise to rich and poor families in the society and is very vital in the modern world. This is because it considerable implications on the well being of the members of the family. For example, the ability of a child to access educational opportunities is greatly determined or influenced by the social class and economic well being of the family. Children from poor or underprivileged families may not have good life as compared to those from well-t-do families. It refers to the different types of family organization which develop different realities for its members. Compare for instance single parent families (where children live with only one parent) with reconstituted families (which are as a result of divorce and remarriage) with dual career families (where both parents work outside the home). Merely all families go through various stages of development and families which are in their early stages of development are quite different from those in their late stages of development. The stages of families in the life cycle lead to different experiences of family life for each individual member of the family. It results from the difference in cultural preferences and arrangements that exist around the world. In the UK the nuclear families are the typical family arrangements with children and their parents staying or living differently and independently with considerable autonomy from their kin. In china, the family arrangement is the stem family where two or more generations live

Imagine that you are the owner of a small manufacturing company Research Paper

Imagine that you are the owner of a small manufacturing company - Research Paper Example The minimum wage workers, mostly in the assembly section, would be at the level where the basic needs have to be satisfied. The basic needs or the lowest levels needs are the physiological needs and unless these are satisfied, other needs will not even surface. This is based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs that explains what motivates people and the type of needs that cause action. Based on this theory, it is thus necessary that minimum wage workers are given wages that meet their basic needs. This is their primary concern and can motivate them to work. Moreover, it takes lot more than money to make people happy. People seek job security, recognition and status. Job security is particularly important for people that seek to satisfy lower order needs (Latham & Ernst, 2006). However, even though their basic needs are met, they also expect distributive justice. If an employee feels he is underpaid, it could adversely affect performance. This may also lead to feelings of hostility towards the management. Adams’ equity theory focuses on the motivational effects of distributive justice where the workers would compare the inputs and outputs of their own self versus those of others (Locke & Latham, 2004). To ensure low turnover, management should try to increase the link between efforts and performance evaluation, and performance and outcomes. Providing the right job role and training to fulfill the job role would motivate the minimum wage worker because they would feel recognized. This is the based on the Hawthorne Studies, which found that supervision, incentives and working conditions impact performance. Self-determination theory (SDT) is another theory of human motivation and development. One of the theories it focuses on is controlled motivation. Controlled motivation consists of external regulation as well as introjected regulation (Deci and Ryan, 2008). Once the basic needs of the minimum wage workers are provided, to achieve the desire productivity , they need some amount of control. Through control behaviour should be regulated by means of external contingencies such as rewards and punishment. Under control people are pressurized to think, feel or behave in particular ways. They may also try to give their best as this could bring them rewards and failure to do so could result in punishment. As far as employees from other sections (sales, technology and administration) are concerned, different set of motivation strategy can be adopted. Goal-setting theory by Locke and Latham focuses on the effects of conscious goals as motivators of task performance. Goal setting is a powerful motivation technique as it creates a â€Å"strong situation† (Latham & Ernst, 2006). The strong situation minimizes the effect of personality difference among workers. In sales and technology people with differing skills and personality are likely to be in the same team. Goal-setting theory states that setting high goals can lead to high performan ce, the higher the goals the higher will be one’s performance and variable such as participation in decision making and feedback enhance performance (Locke, 1968 cited in Locke & Latham, 2004). When people attain goals they feel satisfied. This will also ensure high quality work. To minimize the impact of individual differences, goal-setting should be based on individual talent and capabilities. At the same time, high but attainable goals could enhance productivity and performance. Organizational

Issues in Financial Reporting & Analysis Semester Essay Example for Free

Issues in Financial Reporting Analysis Semester Essay Word length Maximum word limit: 1,000 (Typed, double-spaced, minimum 12 point Times New Roman font, all margins 2.5cm minimum). The word limit includes tables, appendices and footnotes (if any), but excludes references. Do not use endnote. State the word count at the beginning of the essay. All material over 1,000 words will be disregarded. References must follow the Harvard style referencing. Submission Instructions Students must lodge the essay by 5pm Friday 20 September 2013 electronically to Turn-It-in software through Blackboard and submit a copy in Blackboard through the â€Å"Essay† tab. Turn-It-In will be made available closer to the due date. Your electronic copy should be in Microsoft Word format and named using your SID (e.g., z1234567.doc). The â€Å"Individual Assignment Cover Sheet† on the course Blackboard site must be attached to both submissions. Please ensure that you know how to submit this assessment correctly by reviewing these instructions. Penalties apply for non-compliance. Penalties ï‚ · Presentation and organisation of the essay: students should write up their answers in an essay format which must consist of an introduction, body of discussion and conclusion. Headings must be used when answering the questions. The introduction and conclusion should be directly related to the findings students identified in the body. 3 marks penalty applies to essays that fail to follow this structure. ï‚ · Plagiarism: Refer to the University policy for possible penalties; http://www.lc.unsw.edu.au/plagiarism/index.html ï‚ · Late submissions will be penalised at the rate of 5% (1 mark) per day or part thereof. The penalty applies to Saturday and Sunday as well as weekdays. No essay will be accepted for submission after 10 October 2013. ï‚ · Submissions that do not follow the â€Å"Submission Instructions† will attract a penalty of 3 marks. ï‚ · Small or incorrect font: Penalty of 2 marks will be deducted for a font below 12 or the use of a font other than Times New Roman. ï‚ · Inappropriate margins: Penalty of 2 marks will be deduced if any margin is less than 2.5cm. ï‚ · An essay presented in handwriting: Hand-written essays will not be marked; late penalties apply to re-submission in WORD. Feedback and marking of the essay will be done by the online marking and feedback system called ReView. Self-assessment of performance for your own essay can also be conducted using ReView. Further details about access ReView (including a link to access ReView) are available on Blackboard. 2 MARKING CRITERIA Ethical Analysis Criteria (7 marks): Criteria 1. Identify key ethical issues or implications of business decisions / practice (2 MARKS) Analyse and assess ethical impacts / implications (2 MARKS) ï‚ · ï‚ · Proposes a feasible ï‚ · strategy / recommendation to address issues / impacts. Provides some justification for ï‚ · recommendation, based on analysis and relevant ethical frameworks / principles. 3 Cultural Analysis Criteria (7 marks): Criteria 1. Identify cultural dimensions / characteristics of a business situation (2 MARKS) 3. Evaluate the extent to which the HofstedeGray framework explains the problems and propose a strategy to address cultural implications (3 MARKS) ï‚ · Does not make feasible culturally appropriate recommendations in light of relevant theory or frameworks. ï‚ · Identifies and analyses key cultural impacts (intended and unintended) or implications of business choices or practice, using appropriate theory or frameworks. ï‚ · Makes feasible culturally appropriate recommendations which are aligned with appropriate frameworks and principles. ï‚ · Convincingly justifies recommendations and considers their impact and implications (and evaluates alternative responses if appropriate). 4 Written communication criteria (6 marks): Criteria 1. Communicates clearly and concisely (2 MARKS) as possible). ï‚ · Uses fluent, accurate ï‚ · Uses generally accurate expression / grammar (or expression / grammar, but with negligible errors meaning occasionally which do not interfere needs to be clearer. with clarity). 2. Structures text logically and coherently (2 MARKS) ï‚ · Generally presents main ï‚ · Presents all ideas / ï‚ · Does not present main argument, ideas and arguments / information argument, ideas and information logically and logically and information logically or structures text coherently persuasively, and structure text coherently to achieve aim e.g.,: structures text coherently to achieve aim, e.g.,: ï‚ § Text has a generally and effectively to achieve ï‚ § Text has an unclear clear focus, with little aim: focus and possibly or no irrelevant ï‚ § Text has a clear focus, irrelevant or repetitive material; ideas are with no irrelevant or material; ideas are not generally developed repetitive material, and sequentially or sequentially and a logical development logically developed logically, but this could and sequence of main ï‚ § Text is not structured be more consistent ideas and supporting to effectively achieve ï‚ § Text has an adequate material aim structure ï‚ § Text has a clear, coherent structure ï‚ · Presents document at a ï‚ · Presents document very ï‚ · Does not present professional standard, professionally, e.g.,: document at a e.g.,: ï‚ § Evidence of thorough professional standard, ï‚ § Some evidence of editing (e.g., no / e.g., editing (only minor negligible spelling / ï‚ § Little evidence of spelling / punctuation punctuation errors) editing (frequent errors) ï‚ § Accurately and spelling / punctuation ï‚ § Uses appropriate effectively uses errors) format (e.g., essay) and appropriate format ï‚ § Does not accurately use follows formatting (e.g., essay) and meets appropriate format requirements requirements (e.g., essay) or follow ï‚ § Style and presentation ï‚ § Style and presentation requirements are appropriate and are highly appropriate ï‚ § Style and presentation sufficiently formal for for the specific business are not appropriate for the specific business / / academic context the specific business / academic context academic con text ï‚ · References sources ï‚ · References sources in-text accurately (in Harvard ï‚ · Does not reference and  in reference list style) in-text and in sources appropriately / mainly accurately and in reference list. accurately in-text, or in correct style (e.g., reference list. ï‚ · Integrates sources Harvard). effectively into text. 3. Presents text professionally and references sources accurately (2 MARKS) 5